\u611f\u8c22\u5f15\u529b\u5927\u725b\u628ainterstellar \u5f04\u706b\uff0c \u63d0\u5230interstellar \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u987a\u52bf\u628ainterstellar medim \u641e\u706b\uff0cinterstellar medim \u6700\u6709\uff08\u96be\uff09\u641e\u5934\u7684\u5c31\u662finterstellar dust\uff0c\u4fd7\u79f0 grain\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5929\u6587\u4e0a\u8bf4\u5c18\u57c3\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5206\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e48\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u5c18\u57c3\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6027\uff08 \u5c18\u57c3\u7ec4\u6210\uff09\uff0c\u5c18\u57c3\u6e90\uff0c\u5c18\u57c3\u661f\u9645\u4ecb\u8d28\u7684\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u5c18\u57c3\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5c18\u57c3\u7684\u7528\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c18\u57c3\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6027\uff1a more and more evidences (e.g. see a historical view in Li 2005a) have confirmed the presence of cosmic dust mainly based on the information from the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and dust: scattering, absorption, emission and polarization (e.g. see Li 2008, and references therein). \u674e\u7231\u6839\u4e3adust\u5149\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u56fd\u9645No.1<\/p>\n
\u5c18\u57c3\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b58\u5728\u8bc1\u636e\u8ba9\u5c18\u57c3\u6a21\u578b\u91cc\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8bbe\u4e09\u5927\u90e8\u5206\uff1asilicate, graphite and PAH\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e13\u95e8\u73a9\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8c31\u7ebf\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u6211\u6ca1\u6d89\u730e\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c18\u57c3\u6e90\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6052\u661f\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662fAGB \uff0c\u8d85\u65b0\u661f\uff09 , \u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5047\u8bbe\u6052\u661f\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u53d8\u6210\u91cc\u5c18\u57c3\u3002\u00a0 Dwek (1998) \u5efa\u7acb\u91cc\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u3002 \u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u6052\u661f\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u5c11\u5143\u7d20\u5462\uff1f Calura et al. (2008)\uff0cPipino et al. (2011) \u628a\u5b83\u653e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9760\u8c31\u7684\u661f\u7cfb\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5316\u5b66\uff09\u6f14\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u91cc\u9762\u73a9\u4e86\u4e00\u628a\u3002 \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e0a\u8c8c\u4f3c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0SN 1a \u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5c18\u57c3\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ff7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5c18\u57c3\u6e90\uff0c \u6700\u8fd1\u624d\u706b\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7ea2\u79fb6.4\u5904\u7684QSO J1148+5251\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u542b\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u5c18\u57c3\uff01\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u6253\u5c18\u57c3\u6052\u661f\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u8138\u5417\uff01\u4e8e \u662f\uff0c A non-stellar mechanism for dust production in the early Universe was proposed by Elvis et al. (2002). \u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u8d85\u5927\u8d28\u91cf\u9ed1\u6d1e\u5438\u79ef\u76d8\u7684Broad Emission Line (BEL) regions\u7269\u7406\uff0f\u5316\u5b66\u73af\u5883\u9002\u5408\u751f\u6210\u5c18\u57c3\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u751f\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\uff0c \u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u5462\uff1fInterestingly, several studies (e.g. Maiolino et al. 2004) show that the extinction curve in high redshift QSOs is similar to the one expected for a medium dominated by SN dust\u3002 \u4e8e\u662f\uff0c Pipino\u00a0 et al. 2011 \u5c31\u5047\u8bbe\u9ed1\u6d1e\u957f\u5927\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed1\u6d1e\u548c SNeII \u4e00\u6837\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5c18\u57c3\u3002\u4f60\u522b\u8bf4\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u62df\u5408\u7684\u5f88\u597d\uff01<\/p>\n
\u5c18\u57c3\u5728\u661f\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c \u957f\u5927\u548c\u88ab\u6d88\u706d\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u57fa\u672c\u4e5f\u662f\u5047\u8bbe\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c \u6ca1\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u70ed\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n
\u957f\u5927\uff1aDust accretion occurs in dense molecular clouds, where volatile elements can condensate onto pre-existing grain cores, originating a volatile part called mantle (Dwek, 1998, Inoue, 2003).<\/p>\n
\u6d88\u706d\uff1aDust destruction is primarily due to the propagation of SN shock waves in the warm\/ionized interstellar medium (McKee 1989; Jones et al. 1994; Jones 2004).<\/p>\n
\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u751f\u6210\uff0b\u957f\u5927\u6253\u8d25\u6d88\u706d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6d88\u706d\u6253\u8d25\u751f\u6210\uff0b\u957f\u5927\u5462\uff1f \u9760\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f\u641e\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u53bb\u62df\u5408\u89c2\u6d4b\u3002\u3002\u3002But one should keep in mind, the fitting approach is an ill-posed inversion problem (e.g. Zubko et al. 2004)<\/p>\n
\u5c18\u57c3\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u770b\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff1aThe optical properties of spherical silicate and graphite grains are taken from Laor & Draine (1993). Those optical proper- ties are computed by Mie theory, with the Rayleigh-Gans approximation and geometric optics. The optical properties of PAH molecules are from Draine & Li (2007).<\/p>\n
Draine\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u552f \u7231\u8ddf.\u674e \u5929\u4e0b\u4e3a\u5c0a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u5c18\u57c3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u8f90\u5c04\u8f6c\u79fb\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u5c18\u57c3\u7684\u5438\u6536\u548c\u8f90\u5c04\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u786c\u751f\u751f\u7684\u786c\u529f\u592b\u89e3\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u6d3b\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5929\u6587\u4eba\u58eb\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b\u5c31\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c18 \u57c3\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u5904\u5462\uff1f\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a1\uff09\u8f90\u5c04\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b83\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u628a\u6c14\u4f53\u51b7\u5374\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5colling fuction \u662f\u4e00\u4f17\u661f\u7cfb\u534a\u89e3\u6790\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u30022\uff09\u628a\u51cf\u5c11\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u7ec4\u5206\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f Fe, Si, Mg, C\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u5f97\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e30\u5ea6\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e30\u5ea6\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\u6c14\u4f53\uff0d\u5c18\u57c3\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u662f\u800d\u6d41\u6c13\u30023\uff09\u5438\u6536uv\uff0d\u5149\u5b66\u6ce2\u6bb5\u7684\u5149 \uff08\u4fd7\u79f0 extinction\uff09\uff0c\u53d1\u5c04\u7ea2\u5916\u7ebf\u3002 \u540e\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u4e00\u4f17SED fitting \u6a21\u578b\u751f\u4e0d\u5982\u6b7b\u3002 \u4f60\u60f3\u554a\uff0c\u5c18\u57c3\u7ec4\u5206\uff0c\u5c18\u57c3\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f97\u591a\u5c11\u53c2\u6570\u554a\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\u66f4\u522b\u8bf4\u89e3\u8f90\u5c04\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e86\uff01\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5f88\u591ased\u6a21\u578b\u8fd9\u4e48\u73a9\uff1a \u5047\u8bbe extinction curve \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff0c \u66f4\u6709\u9ad8\u660e\u4eba\u58eb\u76f4\u63a5\u7528 SED re\uff0ddistribution \u73a9\u4e00\u73a9\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u5b9e\u4eba\u5bb6\u5c18\u57c3\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u73a9\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n
Dust itself is also a hot topic. Here I briefly describe the topics of dust related to this thesis. For more detailed view of dust, I refer to reviews (Calzetti 2001; Draine 2003, 2009, 2011a; Dwek 2005; Williams 2005; Tielens 2008; Compi \u0301egne 2010), books (Whittet 2003; Kruegel 2003; Tielens 2005; Draine 2011b) and references therein. \u5176\u4e2d\u6211\u6700\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5c18\u57c3\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73a9\u6cd5\uff1a With an assuming extinction curve, total dust mass can be derived by total extinction values (e.g., AV ) based on intrinsic properties of dust (e.g., Goudfrooij et al. 1994).<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n
1\uff09\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u8ba1\u7b97\u751f\u6210\uff0d\u751f\u957f\uff0d\u6e6e\u706d\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 The Dust Properties of z ~ 3 MIPS-LBGs from Photochemical Models, 2013ApJ\u2026768..178F<\/p>\n
2\uff09 \u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0 \u201cOn Dust Extinction of Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies\u201d ,http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/0004-637X\/685\/2\/1046\/fulltext \/74263.text.html\u00a0 \u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f aigen li.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u611f\u8c22\u5f15\u529b\u5927\u725b\u628ainterstellar \u5f04\u706b\uff0c \u63d0\u5230interstellar \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u987a\u52bf\u628ainterstell…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/588","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=588"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/588\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":593,"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/588\/revisions\/593"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=588"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=588"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astronomy.lamost.org\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=588"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}